Computing machine



is L. WALSQE 1,908,15@

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Sept. ILO;7 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 9, 1933.

l l l l l 1 1 1 i l lo n) 4) ATTORNEY May'9, 1933. s. n... WALsoECQMPUTING MACHINE Filed Sept. lO, 1930 f2 Sheets-Shea?, 2

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY UNITED STATES 'PATENT ortica SIGUBiD' I.WALSO, 0F SPRNGDALE, CNNECTIGUT, .ASSIGNOR T0 REMINGTON TYPEWBITERCOMPANY, F ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK COMPUTING MACHINEApplication iled September "l0, 193?. Serial No. 480,886.

`My invention relates to computing maiZer is o-set to one side of thecenter of the chines and more particularly to means wheremachine, anddue to its position and the fact by the numerals on the registerwheelsmay that the numerals on the register wheels of be more readilyseen by the operator. the cross totalizer are necessarily small by Oneof the main objects of my invention is reason of the compactconstruction of the 55 to provide means for attaining the endsremechanism, such numerals cannot always be ferred to without modifyingin any manner readily observed by the. operator. This is the. exist-ingstructuralfeatures of the comespecially true when an algebraic totalizerv puting machine, and which means are in the is employed. ln the presentinstance l have 1 nature of an attachment that can be readily associatedthe devices of invention with placed on the machine at a companitivelyvthis cross totalizer, although the invention small cost. is notrestricted in this connection, and may To the above and other ends whichwill be employed wherever found available in hereinafter appear myinvention consists in computing and like machines.

the features of construction, arrangements of ln` the accompanyingdrawings l have 35 parts and combinations of devices set forth shownonly so much of the Remington acin the vfollowing description andparticularly counting machine as is necessary to illustrate pginted outin the appended claims, my invention in its embodiment therein, it

" ln the accompanying drawings, wherein being understood that all of thestructural p29 like reference characters designate. corre- `features ofthis machine are of the usual conn sponding parts in the differentviews: struction and are not modified by the embodi- Fig. 1 is afragmentary, full-sized, front mentof the features of the presentinvention view showing a portion of a combined typein the machine. ywriting and computing machine equipped Referring more particularly toFig. 2, it with the attachment of my invention. will be seen thatvertical totalizers 1 are car- 75 Fig. 2 is a detail, fore land aft,vertical, ried in the usual manner by a supporting bar sectional view ofthe same, the parts being 2, connected to arms 3 carried by thetypeshown full-sized. writer carriage Il.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, detail, diagrammatic A cross-truck 5 carrieswheels 6 by which View of some of the parts illustrated in Fig. 2. it ismounted to travel along fixed guide rails 30 Fig. 4 is an enlarged,detail, fragmentary, 'I supported by the main frame of the ma front viewof some of the parts represented in chine. A cross totalizer 8 iscarried by the Fig, 3. `truck l and travels therewith in the usual Fig.5 is an enlarged, detail, perspective manner. ylfhe usual pick-up beam 9is con# view of one of the brackets for holding the nected to thecross-truck 5 and is successive- 85 lenses in place. ly engaged bypickup lugs 10 on the vertical I have shown my invention applied'in thetotalizers 1 to move the cross-truck, and the present instance to aRemington accounting cross totalizer 8 carried thereby, in unisonmachine, which isa .combined typewriting with the typewriter carriage.The usual lo and computing machine of the same general spring means (notshown) are employed to character as that disclosed in the patent toreturn the cross-truck to the right independwWahl, No. 1,270,471, datedJune 25, 1918, eritly of the typewriter carriage when the although theinvention is notv restrictedto vertical totalizer to which thecrosstruck is use in said machine. connected passes out ofthe computingzone.

4" The machine in question includes a cross- 4ll of the features as thusfar described 95 foot totalizer carried by a cross-truck that isconstitute parts of the usual equipment of at times picked up byandtravels in unison the Remington accounting machine of the with thetypewriter carriage and has a return y type illustrated in said TWahlpatent and furr" movement to normal position independentl ther detaileddescription thereof is deemed "0 of the typewriter carriage. This crosstotalunnecessary.- 1

`eral character as that sometimes emplod in the Remington accountingmachine. is is a double, algebraic totalizer employing two ma sets ofregister wheels 11 and 12 arranged one set above the other, as shown inFi 3. Each register wheel has the usual numera s 13 (Fig. 4L around theperiphery thereof, the numera on the wheels of one set being arranged inan order the reverse of that on the wheels of the other set. A totalizershell or housing 14 encloses the cross totalizer, including the re 'sterwheels 11 and 12 thereof, and is provi ed with the usual slots or sightopenings 15 and 16, the former exposing an aligned set of numerals 13 onthe lower set of register wheels, and the sight opening 16 exposing aset of aligned numerals 13 on the upper set of re 'ster wheels. y

uch construction is sometimes provided with shutters 17 and 18 sooperativel con nected and controlled that when the s utter 18 is removedfrom the sight opening 16 to expose the numerals on the upper registerwheels 12, the lower shutter 17 will close its opening 15 so that thenumerals on the lower set of register wheels 11 cannot be seen, and viceversa. In some instances, however, no shutters are employed or deemednecessary.

As hereinbefore pointed out it is difficult atl times to see the exposednumerals on the register wheels 11 and 12 by reason of the fact thatthey are necessarily small, and the cross-foot totalizer is off-set toone side of the machine.

It is the purpose of the present invention to overcome this difficultyby the provision of the following means.

An outer housing 19 is fixedly, though removably, secured to the frameof the machine by means of a screw 20, usually emplo ed 1n the machinefor another purpose, andY by screws 21. It will be observed that thishousing 19 encloses the cross totalizer 8 and, as shown in Fig. 2,terminates at its upper rear edge 22 in front of the pick-up beam 9 andthe bracket arm 23 by which said pickup beam is connected to thecross-truck. B

19 offers no obstruction to the travel of the cross totalizer 8, itstruck 5 and pick-up beam 9, etc.

The outer housing 19 is provided with two elongated si ht openings 24and 25 arranged one above t e other to accord with the arrangement ofthe sight openings 15 and 16 in the totalizer shell, and arranged in theline of the operators vision of the sight openings 15 and 16, asindicated by the arrows y, in Fig. 2. However, each of the sightopenings 24 and 25 is wider and longer than the associated sight opening15 or 16. This en-k largement of the sight openings 24 and 25 is donefor a twofold purpose. First the width may of each si ht opening 24 and25 is increased in order t at the cxzposed numerals 13 on the re rwheels, when viewed through a magnisitg lass or lens as indicated 1n Fi4,

be c early observed in their enlar e u an down dimensions. Thelengthwise d1- mension of each sight opening 24 and 25 is increased inorder that the numerals 13 may be readily seen therethrough whatever maybe the position of the cross totalizer in its traveling movement.

vOpposite each sight opening 24 and 25 is a magnifyin glass or lens 26or 27. Each lens fills its sig t opening and the shape of both varesubstantially the same, so that a description of one applies to theother. Each lens has a convex outer or forward face 28 seated from therear in its sight opening. The rear face 29 of each lens issubstantially flat, whereas its u per edge 30 and its lower edge 31 arebevele in opposite directions for reasons which will presently appear.

Both of the lenses 26 and 27 are contained within the outer housing 19and project invwardly from the inner face thereof, which may benickel-plated to provide a reflecting.

surface. The lenses are held in place by anlar sheet metal brackets,each of which is esignated as a whole by the reference numeral 32, andone of which is shown detached in Fig. 5. The foot piece 33 of eachbracket e soldered or otherwise secured to the inner facel of thehousing 19. An extension 34 extends beneath and underlies the ends ofboth of the lenses 26 and 27, and said extension is bent forward at itsends 35 to embrace the lenses and hold them in contact with each other.

Contained within the housing 19 is an electric bulb or lamp 36,removably secured in a lamp socket 37 fixedly secured by any suitablemeans (not shown) in the housing 19. This lamp socket is connected witha suitable plug by which connection with the power line may be readilyestablished. The only available space within the housing 19 where aneffective electric light bulb may be placed is below the crosstotalizer, and where the direct rays y of light from the lamp will notilluminate the .reason of thls construction the fixed housing numerals13 exposed at the sight openings 15 and 16. It therefore becomesnecessary to obtain an illumination of such numerals bv reflected lightrays. This I obtain in the present instance in the following manner.Contained within the housing 19 beneath the electric light bulb 36, andsupported by the lamp socket 37, is a curved refiector 38 that extendsthroughout the length of the bulb and reflects the light rays upwardlythrough lenses 26 and 27 to the inner fiat faces 29 thereof, to thebeveled edge 30 of the lower lens 26 and to the intermediate spacebetween said lenses and the front of the cross totalizer, as indicatedin part diagrammatically by the doted lines a, b, c, d, and e in Fig. 3.Ar-

llO

Alines a. and b) tothe sight openings 15 and 16 -in the totalizer 8, andmore particularly to the latter opening `which is the most diflicult toilluminate from the lamp 36. I have not attempted to diagram all of thelight rays that will be reflected to the upper sight opening 16, itbeing sufficient to indicate that light 16 rays between the lines a andb reflected from the. member 39 will illuminate the upper sight opening16, whereasthe light rays between the lines c, Z reflected from the rearflat faces of the lenses 26 and 27 also will illuminate the numerals atthe upper sight opening 16.

It is not practicable to arrange a lamp out in front of the dials so asto illuminate them by direct light and the lamp has accordingly beendisposed in the space available for it, namely, below and a very littlein front of the vertical totalizers. The device works on the principlethat the light for illuminating 'the dials is deflected toward the dialsby the lenses themselves which are so designed in prismatic form as tohave that effect. rlfhe flat surfaces of these lenses are polished sothat when light strikes them part of it is reflected back while part ofit passes on through the surface. Thus a ray of light from the filamentstriking the surface 3l of the lower lens 26 will be refracted into adirection somewhere near parallel to the rear surface 29 of the lens.When this light strikes the opposite surface 30 some of it istransmitted on to the upper lens 27 and some of it is reflected back byinternal reflection. A similar thing happens when the light strikes thelower surface 3l of the upper lens 27. This light is, however, twicerefracted toward the rear and enters the lens 27 in a more rearwardlyinclined direction than that which entered the lens 26. Light passing onthrough the upper surface 30 would perform no useful function and themirror 39 is therefore provided to reflect all of it back. A few rayshave been drawn in Fig. 3 to illustrate the general principles of thedevice. Thus the ray a striking the surface 31 near its forward edge isrefracted as shown and, of

course, part of itu is reflected back from the upper surface 26. Thepart of it that goes on into and through the upper lens is traced and itwill be perceived that it is reflected back from 30 and 39 and reachesabout the upper edge of the sight opening 16. A ray striking the lowersurface 31 a little to the rear of this on-e would enter the sightopening The ray e is traced as itis reflected back from the uppersurface 30 of the lower lens 26 to where it enters the sight opening 15.

Of course, part of this ray would continue on into the upper lens.

The ray b entering the lower lens near the rear thereof is traced asfirst refractedrearward at the surface 31, again refracted rearward atthe surface 30 of the lower lens, and again refracted rearwardv at thesurface 31 of the upper lens until itstrikes the rear surface lof theupper lens, from where it is reflected to the upper surface 30 andthemirror 39 and comes back in a direction approximately toward the uppersight opening The rays c and d are traced as reflected from the rearsurfaces of the lenses. Neither of these enters either of the sightopenings.

Some of the light is reflected from the rear surface of the plate 19 andsome of this would enter the lens 26.

In addition to the light which is actually reflected in straight raysinto the sight openings it will be perceived that the whole system isfull of criss-cross rays of light reflected and refracted from thedifferent surfaces. 'lhis would result in a certain amount of diffusedlight which also would enter the sight openings and assist inilluminating the dials.

In the particular disposition of the parts shown, inorder to direct therays of light as desired the angle between the lower surface 31 of oneof the lenses and the rear surface 29 is somewhat sharper than thatbetween the surface 29 and the upper surface 30. These angles would, ofcourse, in different specific instances of the invention, be worked outin each case according to the position of the source of light and thatof the object to be illuminated.

Where two lenses are employed in the situ ation shown in the drawing itis advantageous that they both be made alike where that is possible, andthey are so shown in the present instance, the reason being in order toavoid confusion in assembling the device which might result from the twolenses being of different shapes. It will be noted that the source oflight is back of the general plane in which the lenses are arrangedwhich general plane is about parallel to the inclined part of the plate19. l

It will be perceived that as far as most of the illumination isconcerned these lenses act rather as prisms, the convex outer surfaceshaving little or no function in illuminating the dials. In case themagnification was not desired therefore, the dials could be illuminatedby prismatic hars of glass all of whose surfaces were plane.

In practice I have found that due to the construction and arrangement ofthe parts, and to the factors of direct reflection, transmittedreflection, refractive index in the lenses themselves, etc., I amenabled to obtain the sight openings or 16.-v

" ter and havin The character of each lens 26, 27, with its surface 28made as a section of a cylinder, is

such that exposed numerals seen therethrough will not be magnifiedtransversely, but will be ma ified up and down. increasing the height oft e numerals as I have attempted to indicate in Fig. 4. This, itisfound, gives most satisfactory kvresults and avoids confusion. 7

All of the'parts of my attachment are carried by the housing 19 and thismay be readily applied lto the machine by the screws 20 and 21 withoutin any manner interfering with the operation of the machine.

It will be seen therefore that I have provided a sim le, comparativelyinexpensive and highly e cient attachment for attaining the endshereinbefore pointed out.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination of an accountin machine register having an enclosinshel with the usual `sight opening therein through which numerals on theregister wheels are ex posed, an outer housing enclosing said regisasight opening through which expose numerals on 4the re ister wheels maybe seen, a magnifying glass 1n the v sight opening of the housing, anelectric light bulb contained within said housing below said re ister,and a reflector beneath said bulb for refigecting the light upwardlybetween the shell and outer housing to illuminate the exposed numeralson the register wheels that may be seen through said magnifying glass.2. The combination of a traveling totalizer.

having an enclosing shell with the usual sight opening therein throughwhich numerals on the register wheelsare exposed, an outer fixed housingenclosing said totalizer and in which the totalizer is adapted totravel, said fixed housing having a sight opening through which exposednumerals on the register l :wheels may be seen in any position of travelof the traveling totalizer, a magnifying glass,l

in the sight opening of the housing, and illuminating means containedwithin the housing for illuminating the exposed numerals on'the registerwheels which may be seen through said magnifying glass.

3. The combination'of a traveling totalizer having an enclosingshellfwith the usual sight opening therein through which numerals on theregister wheels are exposed and an outer' fixed housing enclosing saidtotalizer and in which the totalizer is adapted to travel, said fixedhousing having a sight opening through which exposed numerals on theregister wheels may be seen in any positionof travel of the travelingtotalizer', a magnifying glass in the Wsight opening of the fixedhousing, an electric light bulb contained within said housseen throughsaid magnifying glass.

4. The combination of an accounti maf chine register having an enclosingsh with -the usual sight opening therein through which numerals on theregister wheels are exposed, an outer housing enclosing said re f isterand having a sight opening throug which exposed numerals on -the rewheels may be seen, a magnifying glass in the l sight opening of thehousing, an electric 1i ht bulb contained within said housin ow saidregister, a reflector beneath said bulb for reflecting the ,lightupwardly between the shell and outer housing to illuminate the exposednumerals on the register wheels that may be seen through said magnifyingglass and a second reflector contained within sai housing and arrangedabove said register to further aid in reflecting light to illuminate theexposed numerals on the register wheels. 5. The combination with anaccounting machine having a` totalizer with a double set of registerwheels and a shell therefor havin two sight openings therein, one foreach set 0 register wheels, of `a housin which encloses said totalizerand has two sig t openings one for each of the sight openings the totaizer shell, a magnifying glass in each of the sight f los l' the sightopenings in the totalizer shell' and v through which exposed numerals oneither set of register wheels may beseen in any position of travel ofthe, totalizer, a magnifying glass in each of the sight openingsin thehousing, and illuminating means contained within said housing andlilluminating the numerals exposed at either of the sight openings in thetotalizer shell.

7'. The combination with an accounting machine having a totalizer with adouble set ofV register wheels arranged one set above the other, and ashell therefor having two corre` spondingly arranged sight openingstherein,

one for each set of re ister wheels,lof a housing which encloses saidtotalizer and has two sightopenings, one for each of the sight open--ings in the totalizer shell, a magnifying glass in each of the sightopenings Iin the housing, and illuminating means contained within saidI. housing and illuminating the numerals exmeans may pass from belowthrough the magnif 'ng glasses and be lreflected tothe upper sig topening in the shell.

8. The comb'nation with an accounting machine having a travelingtotalizer with a double set of register. Wheels arranged one set i abovethe other-- and a shell therefor having two correspondingly arrangedsight openings therein,'one foreach set of register wheels, of a fixedhousing which encloses said totalizer and in which the totalizer isadapted to travel, said housing having two sight openings, one for eachof the sight openings in the totalizer shell and through which exposednumerals on either set of register wheels may be seen in any osition oftravel of the totalizer, a magniying glass in each of rthe sightopenings in the housing, and illuminating means contained within saidhousing and illuminating the numerals exposed `at'either of the sightopenings in the totalizer shell, themagnifying glasses being containedwithin said housing in such position that light rays from theilluminating means may pass from below through magnifying glasses and bereflected to the upper sight opening in the shell. 9 The combinationwith a totalizer having I l a shell having the usual sight openingtherein closing said totalizer and having a sight openn lto exposenumerals on register wheels contained within said totalizer, of ahousing enf ing therein, a magnifying glass at said sight opening in thehousing, said magnifying glass having a convex outer or front surface,oppositely beveled top and bottom edges and a substantially ilat rearsurface, and illuminating means contained within said housing andilluminating exposed numerals on the register wheels that maybe seenthrough said magnifying glass.

10. rEhe-combination of a totalizer having two sets of register wheels,one .set arranged above the other, a shell for said totalizer havingcorrespondingly arranged sight openings therein to expose-numerals onsaid register wheels, a housing enclosing said totalizer andhaving sightopenings therein that correspond to but are larger than said sightopenings in the shell, a magnifying glass at` each sight opening in thehousing, each magnifying glass having a convex outer or frontsurface,oppositely beveled top and bottom edges and a substantially flat rearsurface, and illuminating means contained within said housing andilluminating exposed numerals on the register lwheels that may be seenthrough either of said magnifying glasses.

11,*The combination of a traveling totalizer having two sets ofregisterwheels, one

-set arranged above the other, a shell for said istei` Wheels may beseen whatever be the position of the totalizer in its line of travel, f'and a magnifying glass at each openingin v the housing, each magnifyinglass having a convex outer or front sur ace, oppositely beveled top andbottom edges anda substantially fiat rear surface, and illuminatingmeans contained within said housing and illuminating'exposed numerals onthe register wheels that may be seen through either of saidmagnifyingglasses.

12. The combination with a totalizer having a shell with the usual sightopening therein to expose numerals on register wheels contained withinsaid totalizer, of a housing enclosing said totalizer and` having asight opening therein, a magnifying glass at said sight opening in thehousing, said magnifying glass having a convex outer or front surface,oppositely beveled top and bottom edges and a substantially flat rearsurface, an electric light bulb contained within said housing below thetotalizer, a reflector beneath said bulb for reflecting the light raysupwardly and a reflector above said magnifying glass for reflecting thelight rays to the sight opening in the totalizer. y

13. The combination of a totalizer having ytwo sets of register wheels,one set arranged above the other, a shell for said totalizer havingcorrespondingly arranged` .glass at each opening in the housing, eachmagnifying glass having a convex outer or front surface,- oppositelybeveled top and bottom edges and a substantially fiat rear surface, andilluminating means contained `Within saidhousing and illuminatingexposed numerals on the register wheels that may be seen through eitherof said magnifying glasses,.said illuminating means comprising anelectric light bulb in the housing below said totalizer, a reflectorbeneath said bulb, and a second reflector above the upper magnifyingglass which reflects light rays that pass through said magnifyingglasses to the upper sight opening in the totalizer.

14. The combination with a totalizer having a shell with the usual sightopening therein to expose numerals on register wheels conp tained Withinsaid totalizer, of a housing enclosing said totalizer and having a sightopening therein, a magnifying glass at said sight opening in thehousing, said magnifymg glass havin a convex outer or front surface,oppositely veled top and bottom edges and a substantially flat rearsurface, and illuminatin means contained within said housing anilluminating exposed numerals on the register wheels that may be seenthrough said magnifying glass, said il1umi. nating means comprising anelectric light 10 bulb contained within said housing below thetotalizer, a curved reflector below said bulb, and a flat reflectorarranged at an inclination above the to beveled edge ofthe magnifyinglass an coincident with the up r beveled edge thereof to reflect lightrays t at pass through the magnifying glass to the sight opening in thetotalizer.

Signed at Stamford in the count)7 of Fairfield and State of Connecticutthis 9th day of September, A. D. 1930.

SIGURD L. WALSOE.

